0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1
Notícias Cursos Contato Doação
Disponível no Google Play

Chatbot - Como abrir programas e arquivos externos

Neste vídeo ensino como executar programas do sistema operacional e abrir arquivos de extensões diversas com os devidos programas pelo Python. Para isso utilizamos o módulo 'sys' para identificar o sistema operacional, 'os' para executar programas e abrir arquivos no windows e o 'subprocess' no sistema GNU/Linux.

Clique na imagem para assistir a aula no YouTube.

Infelizmente, não existe nenhum comando no Python que consegue executar programas ou arquivos que funciona em todos os sistemas operacionais. Então, dependendo do sistema operacional, vamos ter que escrever o código diferentemente. Mas, felizmente, isso não é complicado!

Identificando o Sistema Operacional

Primeiramente vamos identificar em qual sistema o nosso script está rodando. Para isso vamos importar o módulo sys: 

import sys

Agora podemos identificar o sistema da seguinte maneira: 

sys.platform

Isso nos dará o nome da plataforma em que estamos rodando. No meu caso, esse comando devolve 'linux'. Mas se você estiver no Windows, ele mostrará 'win32' ou 'cygwin' No Mac irá aparecer 'darwin' e assim por diante.

Após identificar qual o sistema que estamos, vamos aprender a abrir programas e arquivos em cada plataforma.

Windows

Para executar programas ou abrir arquivos no Windows, vamos utilizar o módulo 'os': 

import os

Para abrir um programa, precisamos chamar a função 'startfile' com o caminho completo do programa que desejarmos abrir. Se o programa estiver no PATH (caminho padrão), é só digitar o nome do programa. 

os.startfile('notepad.exe') # Se estiver no caminho

os.startfile('C:\Program Files (x86)\Google\Chrome\Application\chrome.exe') # Se não estiver no caminho

Para sites, precisamos colocar o endereço completo: 

os.startfile("https://hashldash.github.io")

Linux

No linux vamos utilizar o módulo subprocess: 

import subprocess as s

A parte 'as s' no código acima é para simplificarmos o nome do módulo. Ou seja, ao invés de escrever 'subprocess' quando formos chamar o comando do módulo, vamos apenas escrever 's'.

Para executar um programa, podemos utilizar o comando shell que abre o programa. Por exemplo: 

s.Popen('chromium')

Irá abrir o navegador chromium, e assim por diante. Para abrir arquivos, podemos utilizar o comando 'xdg-open' do Linux para escolher um programa adequado para abrir o arquivo. Por exemplo: 

s.Popen(['xdg-open','https://hashldash.github.io']) # para site

s.Popen(['xdg-open','planilha.xls']) # para arquivos

No vídeo eu dou um exemplo de como utilizar estes comandos, implementando a abertura e execução de programas no chatbot.

Faça o download dos arquivos desta aula aqui.